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                title="编辑此页面（Edit this page）"
                class="md-content__button md-icon">

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                    d="M10 20H6V4h7v5h5v3.1l2-2V8l-6-6H6c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v16c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h4zm10.2-7c.1 0 .3.1.4.2l1.3 1.3c.2.2.2.6 0 .8l-1 1-2.1-2.1 1-1c.1-.1.2-.2.4-.2m0 3.9L14.1 23H12v-2.1l6.1-6.1z" /></svg>
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              <h1 id="flatbuffers_benchmarks">C++ 基准测试（Benchmarks）</h1>
              <p>与其他序列化解决方案进行比较，测试环境为 Windows 7 64位。我们使用了 Protocol Buffers 的
                LITE 运行时（代码更少/开销更低），Rapid JSON（最快的 C++ JSON 解析器之一）和
                pugixml（同样是最快的 XML 解析器之一）。</p>
              <p>我们还与完全不使用序列化库的代码进行比较（"Raw structs"列），这是当你编写只是直接写入结构体的硬编码代码时得到的结果。这种方法速度最快，但当然不是跨平台的，也没有任何前向/后向兼容性。</p>
              <p>我们比较了以二进制线格式（按设计意图）使用的 FlatBuffers，以及以 JSON 作为线格式并使用可选 JSON
                解析器的 FlatBuffers（该解析器利用模式将 JSON 解析为二进制缓冲区，然后可以像以前一样访问）。</p>
              <p>基准测试对象是一组大约 10 个对象，包含一个数组、4 个字符串和各种大小的各种 int/float
                标量值，旨在代表游戏数据，例如场景格式。</p>
              <table>
                <thead>
                  <tr>
                    <th></th>
                    <th>FlatBuffers（二进制）</th>
                    <th>Protocol Buffers LITE</th>
                    <th>Rapid JSON</th>
                    <th>FlatBuffers（JSON）</th>
                    <th>pugixml</th>
                    <th>原始结构体（Raw structs）</th>
                  </tr>
                </thead>
                <tbody>
                  <tr>
                    <td>解码 + 遍历 + 释放（100万次，秒）</td>
                    <td>0.08</td>
                    <td>302</td>
                    <td>583</td>
                    <td>105</td>
                    <td>196</td>
                    <td>0.02</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td>解码 / 遍历 / 释放（细分）</td>
                    <td>0 / 0.08 / 0</td>
                    <td>220 / 0.15 / 81</td>
                    <td>294 / 0.9 / 287</td>
                    <td>70 / 0.08 / 35</td>
                    <td>41 / 3.9 / 150</td>
                    <td>0 / 0.02 / 0</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td>编码（100万次，秒）</td>
                    <td>3.2</td>
                    <td>185</td>
                    <td>650</td>
                    <td>169</td>
                    <td>273</td>
                    <td>0.15</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td>线格式大小（正常 / zlib压缩，字节）</td>
                    <td>344 / 220</td>
                    <td>228 / 174</td>
                    <td>1475 / 322</td>
                    <td>1029 / 298</td>
                    <td>1137 / 341</td>
                    <td>312 / 187</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td>存储解码线格式所需内存（字节 / 块）</td>
                    <td>0 / 0</td>
                    <td>760 / 20</td>
                    <td>65689 / 4</td>
                    <td>328 / 1</td>
                    <td>34194 / 3</td>
                    <td>0 / 0</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td>解码过程中分配的临时内存（KB）</td>
                    <td>0</td>
                    <td>1</td>
                    <td>131</td>
                    <td>4</td>
                    <td>34</td>
                    <td>0</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td>生成的源代码大小（KB）</td>
                    <td>4</td>
                    <td>61</td>
                    <td>0</td>
                    <td>4</td>
                    <td>0</td>
                    <td>0</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td>手写遍历代码中的字段访问</td>
                    <td>类型化访问器</td>
                    <td>类型化访问器</td>
                    <td>手动错误检查</td>
                    <td>类型化访问器</td>
                    <td>手动错误检查</td>
                    <td>类型化但无安全检查</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td>库源代码（KB）</td>
                    <td>15</td>
                    <td>3800的某个子集</td>
                    <td>87</td>
                    <td>43</td>
                    <td>327</td>
                    <td>0</td>
                  </tr>
                </tbody>
              </table>
              <h3
                id="some-other-serialization-systems-we-compared-against-but-did-not-benchmark-yet-in-rough-order-of-applicability">我们比较但尚未进行基准测试的其他序列化系统（按适用性粗略排序）：</h3>
              <ul>
                <li>Cap'n'Proto 承诺像 FlatBuffers 一样减少 Protocol Buffers
                  的开销，但二进制编码更复杂且灵活性较低（没有可选字段来允许弃用字段或使用存在默认值的缺失字段进行序列化）。目前它也不是完全跨平台的（缺乏VS支持）。</li>
                <li>msgpack：当与类型化的 C++ 接口一起使用时，前向/后向兼容性支持非常有限。同样缺乏VS2010支持。</li>
                <li>Thrift：与 Protocol Buffers 非常相似，但效率似乎较低，并且依赖更多。</li>
                <li>YAML：JSON 的超集，其他方面非常相似。例如 Unity 使用它。</li>
                <li>C# 内置序列化功能，也被 Unity 使用。由于与语言绑定，且没有自动版本控制支持，其适用性受到限制。</li>
                <li>Project Anarchy（Havok
                  的免费移动引擎）带有序列化系统，但它不进行自动版本控制（必须手动处理新字段），与引擎的其余部分紧密绑定，并且在没有生成代码的模式下工作（绑定到你的
                  C++ 类定义）。</li>
              </ul>
              <h3 id="code-for-benchmarks">基准测试代码</h3>
              <p>这些基准测试的代码位于 git 分支 <code>benchmarks</code> 的
                <code>benchmarks/</code>
                目录中。它位于自己的分支中，因为它有主项目不需要的子模块依赖，而且代码标准不符合主项目的要求。在使用代码之前，请阅读
                <code>benchmarks/cpp/README.txt</code>。</p>
              <p><br></p>

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